Ibikoresho bya batiri ya Litiyumu-ion

Guhimba no gutunganya bateri ya lithium-ion

Uwitekabateri ya lithium-ionigizwe na eletrolyte, itandukanya, cathode na anode nurubanza.

Electrolytemuri bateri ya lithium-ion irashobora kuba gel cyangwa polymer, cyangwa imvange ya gel na polymer.

Electrolyte muri bateri ya Li-ion ikora nk'uburyo bwo gutwara ion muri bateri.Ubusanzwe igizwe n'umunyu wa lithium hamwe na solge organic.Electrolyte igira uruhare runini mu gutwara ion hagati ya electrode nziza kandi mbi ya batiri ya lithium-ion, ikemeza ko bateri ishobora kugera kuri voltage nyinshi nubucucike bwinshi.Electrolyte muri rusange igizwe n-isuku-nganda ikungahaye cyane, umunyu wa lithium electrolyte hamwe ninyongeramusaruro zikenewe zahujwe neza muburyo bwihariye mubihe byihariye.

Ibikoresho bya cathodeubwoko bwa batiri ya lithium-ion:

• LiCoO2
• Li2MnO3
• LiFePO4
• NCM
• NCA

 Ibikoresho bya cathode bigizwe nibiciro birenga 30% bya bateri yose.

Anodeya batiri ya lithium-ion irimo

Noneho anode ya batiri ya lithium-ion igizwe nigiciro cya 5-10 kwijana rya bateri yose.Ibikoresho bya karubone bishingiye kuri anode nibikoresho bisanzwe bikoreshwa muri bateri ya lithium-ion.Ugereranije nicyuma gisanzwe cya lithium anode, gifite umutekano murwego rwo hejuru.Ibikoresho bya karubone bishingiye kuri anode ahanini biva muri grafite karemano nubukorikori, fibre karubone nibindi bikoresho.Muri byo, grafite ni ibikoresho by'ingenzi, bifite ubuso buhanitse bwihariye n'ubushuhe bw'amashanyarazi, kandi ibikoresho bya karubone nabyo bifite imiti ihamye kandi ikoreshwa neza.Nyamara, ubushobozi bwibikoresho bishingiye kuri karubone bishingiye kuri electrode ni bike ugereranije, bidashobora kuzuza ibisabwa mubisabwa bimwe mubushobozi buhanitse.Kubwibyo, kuri ubu hari ubushakashatsi bwakozwe kubikoresho bishya bya karubone hamwe nibikoresho byinshi, twizera ko bizarushaho kunoza ubushobozi nubuzima bwizunguruka bwibikoresho bishingiye kuri electrode mbi.

Iracyafite silicon-karubone negtive ibikoresho bya electrode.Ibikoresho bya Silicon (Si): Ugereranije na karubone mbi ya karubone, electrode mbi ya silicon ifite ubushobozi bwihariye nubucucike bwingufu.Nyamara, kubera igipimo kinini cyo kwaguka cyibikoresho bya silicon, biroroshye gutera kwaguka kwijwi rya electrode, bityo bigabanya ubuzima bwa bateri.

Gutandukanyaya batiri ya lithium-ion nigice cyingenzi cyo kwemeza imikorere ya bateri n'umutekano.Igikorwa nyamukuru cyo gutandukanya ni ugutandukanya electrode nziza kandi mbi, kandi mugihe kimwe, irashobora kandi gukora umuyoboro wo kugenda ion no gukomeza electrolyte ikenewe.Imikorere nibipimo bifitanye isano na batiri ya lithium-ion itandukanya itangizwa kuburyo bukurikira:

1. Ihungabana ryimiti: Diaphragm igomba kuba ifite imiterere ihamye yimiti, irwanya ruswa kandi ikarwanya gusaza mugihe cyumuti ukabije, kandi irashobora gukomeza imikorere ihamye mubihe bibi nkubushyuhe bwinshi nubushuhe bwinshi.

2. Imbaraga za mashini: Itandukanyirizo rigomba kugira imbaraga zumukanishi hamwe na elastique kugirango habeho imbaraga zihagije no kwambara birinda kwangirika mugihe cyo guterana cyangwa gukoresha.

3. Umuyoboro wa Ionic: Muri sisitemu ya electrolyte kama, imiyoboro ya ionic iri munsi yubwa sisitemu ya electrolyte yo mu mazi, bityo uwatandukanije agomba kuba afite ibiranga ubukana buke hamwe nubushobozi buke bwa ionic.Muri icyo gihe, kugirango ugabanye guhangana, ubunini bwitandukanya bugomba kuba buto bushoboka kugirango agace ka electrode nini gashoboka.

4. Ihungabana ryubushyuhe: Iyo ibintu bidasanzwe cyangwa binaniwe nko kwishyuza birenze urugero, kurenza urugero, hamwe n’umuzunguruko mugufi bibaye mugihe cyo gukora bateri, utandukanya agomba kuba afite ubushyuhe bwiza bwumuriro.Ku bushyuhe runaka, diaphragm igomba koroshya cyangwa gushonga, bityo igahagarika umuzenguruko w'imbere wa batiri kandi ikarinda impanuka z'umutekano wa batiri.

5. Amazi ahagije kandi ashobora kugenzurwa nuburyo bwa pore: Imiterere ya pore hamwe nubuso bwubuso bwigitandukanya bigomba kugira ubushobozi buhagije bwo kugenzura neza kugirango bitandukane, bityo bitezimbere imbaraga nubuzima bwa bateri.Muri rusange, polyethylene flake (PP) na polyethylene flake (PE) microporous diaphragms ni ibikoresho bisanzwe bya diafragma muri iki gihe, kandi igiciro ni gito.Ariko hariho ibindi bikoresho bitandukanya batiri ya lithium-ion, nka polyester, bifite imikorere myiza, ariko igiciro kiri hejuru.